1. Copyright Policy

Authors who publish with Smart: Journal of Global Islamic Studies and Social Science (SGISci) agree to the following terms regarding copyright ownership:

• Retention of Rights: Authors retain the copyright to their work without restrictions. By submitting to SGISci, authors grant the journal a non-exclusive, perpetual right of first publication.
• Licensing: Simultaneously with publication, the work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License.
• Subsequent Distribution: Authors are permitted and encouraged to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), provided that its initial publication in this journal is properly acknowledged.

2. Licensing Terms: CC BY-SA 4.0

The articles published in SGISci are open-access, meaning they are available to the public at no cost. Under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license, users are free to:

• Share: Copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
• Adapt: Remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.

The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the following license terms:

A. Attribution (BY)

You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. Required attribution elements include:

• Author(s) name(s).
• Article title.
• Journal name (Smart: Journal of Global Islamic Studies and Social Science (SGISci)).
• Volume, Issue, and Year of publication.
• Digital Object Identifier (DOI).

B. ShareAlike (SA)

If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. This ensures that any derivative works based on Islamic studies or social science research published here remain open and accessible to the global academic community under identical terms.

3. Open Access Statement

SGISci provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. There are no registration requirements or "paywalls" for readers to access full-text articles.

Note on Self-Archiving: Authors are permitted to deposit all versions of their paper (Preprint, Author's Accepted Manuscript, and Published Version/Version of Record) in an institutional or subject repository. This policy is designed to maximize the visibility and citation impact of the research.

4. Warranties and Liability

• Originality: Upon submission, the author(s) warrant that the article is original, has not been formally published in any other peer-reviewed journal, and does not infringe upon any existing copyright or other third-party rights.
• Disclaimer: The opinions expressed in the articles are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editorial Board or the institution. The journal shall not be held legally responsible for any errors or omissions.